國家教育研究院

　　「無規矩不成方圓」，教科書在編輯、審查、選用、評鑑等環節，早已建立了許多法規與制度，這些法規制度不僅影響教科書制度的運作，更影響結果。國小國語教科書於自遷臺至今六十餘年來，歷經了政治解嚴及教育思潮與多元意識的交流與激盪，從解嚴前強調培養學生愛國思想、國家觀念，注重民族精神教育，到解嚴後順應時代變遷，落實倫理民主觀念的改變，反映了時代的價值觀。

　　本研究主要即探討國小國語教科書於遷台後第一部課程標準頒布，至2001 年九年一貫實施前，於課程標準與相關政策之編寫規範下，所呈現的課程理念，以及依據各期課程標準編輯出版之教科書文本，又呈現出何種知識論與課程觀。主要獲致以下結論:一、於課程標準規範下，仍能開展編輯思考；二、國小國語教科書教學取向呼應學科知識與學科特質；三、課程概念依附於特定權力配置關係；四、教科書內容為多元社會下價值折衝的結果；五、板橋教師研習會成員刺激教材編輯走向；六、教科書編輯重視「教學」專業。

　　針對研究結論，提供相關建議:1.教材編寫應顧及聽、說、讀、寫的結合，同時，配合十二年國教的實施，教材更應把握核心素養的需求。2.未來審查委員的遴聘，盡量由教育相關單位多方推薦富實務經驗的人選。3.未來教材的編寫，須融合性別、海洋、人權、環境等議題的探討。

　　“Nothing can be accomplished without rules”, there has already been rules and regulations on the editing, examining, selecting and evaluating of textbooks. These rules and regulations not only influence the operation of the textbook system, but also its result. The mandarin textbooks of elementary school have been through thelifting of Martial Law and the communication between education concepts and diverse consciousnesses in the past six decades since the government established in Taiwan. Before thelifting of Martial Law, the textbooks aimed at cultivating students’patriotism andnational consciousness, emphasizing on the education of national spirit. And after thelifting of Martial Law, it complied with the change of the era, implemented the improvement on ethical democratic ideas which reflects the value of this era.

　　This study mainly analyzes the curriculum concepts displayed by the mandarin textbooks of elementary school under the curriculum standard and relevant policies from the time when the first curriculum standard issued after the government established in Taiwan to 2001 in which the nine-year coherent education had been enforced. It also focuses on the theory of knowledge and the perspective of curriculum of the textbooks which were edited and published based on the curriculum standards in various periods. The main findings come as follows: 1. under the structure of curriculum standards, the edition can still be put on effort; 2. the mandarin textbooks of elementary school comply with the subject knowledge and features; 3. the curriculum concept is attached to specific power allocation, 4. most of the contents in textbooks are the result of value compromising in the diverse society; 5. the members of Banqiao Teaching Institute have influence on the edition of textbooks; 6. the edition of textbooks emphasizes the profession of teaching.