National Academy for Educational Research

　　大型調查經常使二階段分層叢集抽樣，即抽樣時先抽選學校，然後再抽選學生。二階段分層叢集抽樣的優點是，施測便利、成本較低、並能提供比較精確的母群平均值的估計。若能同時考量學校的參與率與學生的出席率，並分別計算學校與學生的權重以及權重校正後，可以獲得更精確的估計值。中小學生成就長期追蹤評量是國內的重要大型調查，本研究將建立一套適合此調查的抽樣設計、題本設計、權重計算以及權重校正的算則。

　　Large-scale surveys often lead to two-stage stratified cluster sampling, which is to select schools first and then select students. The advantages of the two-stage stratified sampling are that the stratified sampling may be more convenient to administer, may results in a lower cost for the survey, and may give more precise estimates for population means. Combine with imputation adjustment for the reject participating schools and nonrespondent students, will reduce the estimates bias. In this study, we will develop a better sampling design, test design, a weighting method and a nonrespondents adjustments method for the Longitudinal Study on Taiwan Assessment of Student Achievement.