國家教育研究院

　　教育資源與學生學業成就的關連，已逐漸成為國內外教育財政的顯學。這在我國又 特別有意義，因為根據PISA 2006 的成績與調查，我國偏遠地區學校每生所享有的學校 資源比大城市學校優渥，但PISA 成績不僅在所有地區最低，且離散程度遠大於OECD 國家平均的17 倍，顯見得學校資源對於不同地區學生學業成就有不同的影響程度。 本研究計畫擬以兩年時間，突破過去探討學生學習成就影響因素只關注在某一群 組，例如偏遠地區，或是全部混合在一起的方式，將對象切分成偏遠與非偏遠不同群組； 也將傳統的家庭與學校資源再細分成資源與投資兩項；並增加包含學校對學生學業成就 的重視、教師的集體自我效能感、教師信任學生與家長的學術樂觀構面，並且以多層次 結構方程模式來檢定影響學生學業成就的教育資源模式，最後，再分析不同教育資源在 我國偏遠與非偏遠地區學校影響學生學業成就的程度。 期望能夠透過這個研究計畫，建議政府根據地區特性做不同的教育資源投資策略， 以最有效率與效能方式提高我國學生學業成就。

　　The relationship between educational resource and student achievement has become a worldwide issue in educational finance. This issue is especially meaningful in Taiwan, because educational resources each student enjoyed in rural school is much more than those in city school according to PISA 2006 survey. However, the PISA 2006 grades in rural school are not only the worst in all areas but also have the largest variance, even are 17 times the average OECD country variance. It appears that different school resource has different impact on student achievement in respective area. Therefore, this research will takes 2 years to complete its goal. Unlike previous researches focusing on only one group, such as rural area, or blending all groups together, this research will divide Taiwan’s junior high schools into two groups, rural schools and non-rural school; this research will also split resource into resource and investment, which were combined in the previous studies, to acknowledge the decision making under given resource context; moreover, this research will include academic optimism consisting of academic emphasis of schools, faculty collective efficacy, and faculty trust in parents and students and use multilevel structural equation modeling to test educational resource model. Finally, this research will analyze the impact of different educational resources on student achievement in rural and non-rural school. Through this research, it is expected to have recommendations to the government about educational resource investment strategy in the light of the area characteristics in order to raise student achievement in the most efficient and effective way.