國家教育研究院

　　隨著我國經濟發展及六都成立，都市化現象日益明顯，但我國都會區也逐漸呈現不同區域家庭可支配所得差距甚大之現象。比較而言，我國的扶助弱勢學生相關計畫與政策大多偏向偏鄉地區，甚少關心都會中的弱勢學生學習情形，而對暑假中的都會弱勢學生的學習情形之相關研究更是少之又少。據此，研究者擬探究我國六個都會地區一般學生與弱勢學生的學習落差情形。具體言之，研究目的有四：（一）探究我國都會地區國小學生之暑期學習整體現況。（二）探究我國都會地區一般小學生與弱勢小學生的暑期學習落差情形。（三）探究我國都會地區不同學校類型(都會、鄉鎮與偏遠型學校)小學生的暑期學習落差情形。（四）提出我國都會地區暑期學習落差情形之因應措施。本研究採多元化的研究方法從事研究，主要研究方法為問卷調查與焦點座談。重要研究發現如下: (一)多數都會地區國小學生有參與暑期校內、外學習活動。(二)有參與校內外學習活動的都會地區國小學生暑期生活滿意度明顯較高。(三)都會地區國小弱勢學生參加校內暑期活動比例較高，而參加校外則較低。(四)都會地區國小弱勢學生暑期生活滿意度明顯較非弱勢學生低，其中又以鄉鎮型學校弱勢學生相對較低。(五)都會及鄉鎮型學校的國小弱勢學生在暑期學習上比偏遠型更加弱勢。

　　In Taiwan, disadvantaged student policies mostly favored for rural areas, and have little interest in urban schools. Accordingly, the researcher intends to explore summer learning divide in urban elementary schools, especially the gap between general students and disadvantaged students. Briefly, four research purposes are as follows: (1) To explore the overall status of the summer learning of urban school students. (2) To explore the learning gap between disadvantaged and general pupils. (3) To explore current policies for student summer learning loss. (4) To propose feasible measures for summer learning divide in urban elementary schools. Important research found as follows: (1) most of the regional primary school students have participated in the summer school, outside learning activities. (2) have participated in the school activities inside and outside the urban primary school students in the summer life satisfaction is significantly higher. (3) the proportion of small and medium-sized students in the region will be higher in the summer, while the number of students participating in the school is lower. (4) The summer students' satisfaction in the urban areas is lower than that of the non-disadvantaged students, and the disadvantaged students in the township schools are relatively low. (5) Metropolitan schools and small and medium-sized students of township schools are more vulnerable to learning in the summer than in remote areas.