國家教育研究院

　　本研究旨在瞭解校長專業證照制度實施可行性及功能的看法，探討我國中小學校長專業證照之取得模式，建構我國中小學校長專業證照標準，規劃我國中小學校長專業證照制度的換證、升級與撤銷之程序，探討我國中小學校長專業證照之權責單位。最後擬定我國中小學校長專業證照之配套措施，並根據研究結論，提出具體建議供教育當局實施校長專業證照之參考。

　　依據研究目的，透過文獻探討、問卷調查、德懷術問卷調查、焦點座談、訪談等多元方式，針對台灣地區校長、候用校長、教育行政機關人員、專家學者、教師及家長為研究對象，進行研究，獲得以下九點結論：
一、九成以上同意實施校長專業證照制度，可發揮提升校長專業地位、激勵校長自我成長、提供校長遴選的依據、可以獲得社會大眾的認可、實踐校長自我期望及確保校長辦學品質之功能；但會產生客觀具體之認證標準不易訂定、認證過程之公帄性受質疑、面臨證照更新的壓力、辦理證照檢定機構公信力不足、教育成本增加、許多法令必頇修訂等問題。
二、國民中小校長專業證照應全國適用，國民中學與國民小學校長之證照應該分開辦理，且應納入高中職的校長。
三、初期以甄選、培育、認證、授證為校長專業證照取得的模式，長期應以多元的方式甄選培育；現任校長經由申請，以檢覈（相關標準之證明文件）的方式來認證。培育課程應包含教育領導與行政相關課程、輔導措施、實習、參訪，培育時間以半年較為適當。
四、中小學校長專業證照指標為具碩士學位、十年以上教學年資、六年以上行政年資，以及品德與人格特質、政策與行政管理、課程與教學領導、創新與專業成長、社區與公共關係等五個層面34個指標。
五、校長證照期限以六至十年為期限，並建立升級、換證制度，但初期不宜分級。
換證及升級的方式以提出個人的辦學績效、專業成長等檢覈為主。
六、應建立校長證照撤銷制度，證照撤銷應採取公開審理與申辯的方式，並給予重新申請補發的機會；校長具有經判決確定或通緝有案、不道德行為、有損校長專業形象、證照申請不實、判決確定未獲緩刑、褫奪公權、受禁治產、患有精神病等行為，應撤銷校長證照。
七、校長專業證照法令應包括檢定標準、適用對象、證照的期限、申請資格或條件、證照的撤銷規定、證照的種類、證照的更新規定、申訴條件與程序、證照的申請程序、證照的權責單位、證照的適用範圍。
八、目前校長專業證照制度應由教育部主政規劃、修訂校長證照相關法令辦法，由國家教育研究院執行校長證照事務。長期而言，應由中央與地方劃分權責，校長的培育儲訓、認證應成立專責機構辦理。
九、實施校長專業證照頇輔以法規、制度、支持、宣導等四個層面的配套措施，如公帄客觀的審核制度、建立公帄客觀的校長評鑑制度、成立具公信力之評鑑機構、訂定校長專業證照制度標準、加強校長專業證照制度的宣導、提供校長適當且足夠的在職進修制度、建立校長回任教師或轉任他職制度、清晰的證照作業流程等18項配套措施。 

　　依據結論，提出具體建議，供作我國實施國民中小學校長證照制度的參考。

　　The purpose of this study is to getting opinions and understanding the possibility of implementing 「The certificate system of principals of the elementary and junior high schools」, to establish the standards for its practice, the contents for implements and the supplementary measures. to work out the processes of certificate withdraw、re-certify and promotion ,to identify the possible authority of the certification，and then proposing more necessary items to complete the system.

　　The conclusions of this study might be provided as reference for the institutions and personal within the related fields.

　　According to the research purpose, and based on the discussion about the reference, the implementation of questionnaire survey, Delphi technique, Focus group discussion and interview, there are totally nine aspects of conclusions as follows: 
1. 90％ agree to establish 「The certificate system for the principals of elementary and junior high school」is ensured. It will improve principal’s professional image, and stimulate self-development provide the basis of selection, accepted by the public ,The principals can realized their personal expectation，and ensure the quality of running a school. But there are many challenges with the system: a fair and solid standard of certify is very hard to establish、fairness of the certify process were criticized，the pressure come from the re-certify, public trust in the authority , increment of education cost, regulation review.
2. The certify system for the principals of elementary and junior high school shall be separated and applied for nationwide, principal of senior high school also needs to be certified。
3.At the initial stage, the certificate of the principal were obtained by selecting、training、certifying and certificated ,at the long run ,it is recommended to be by multichannel；The incumbent principal can apply for the certificate and will be certifying by documents review of the relative certificates。
The training program were including administration、 guidance and assistance、practical training、visiting ,and the overall training period should be half year or more.
4. Certificates of the principals of junior high school and elementary school are：MS degree、experiences of ten years teaching 、and six years administration ,plus another 34 items which were including in the five areas of personality、strategy and administration、curriculum and teach leadership、creativeness and public relations。
5.The period of validity of principal’s certificate should be limited between 6~10 years ,a system of promotion and re-certificating must be build, but at the initial stage to grading the certificate may not be suitable。Re-certificating and promotion shall be based on improvement of professional capability and performance of running a school.
6. The system of certificate withdrawal must be established, the process of certificates withdrawal shall be put on trial and defense in public. chance of reissue should be provided；principal who has the following issues should be subjected to certificate withdrawal: confirmed condemnation without probation or list as wanted immorality, misbehavior , dishonest in certificate application , civil death, interdiction , mental disorder .
7. The regulations of the certificate system for the principals shall include the standard of examination, applicative qualify candidate , the period of validity , applicant’s qualification and appropriateness, criteria of certificate withdrawal, types of certificate, the renewal of certificate ,application process, appealing process and conditions, authority of the certificate, ambit of the certificate to be applied.
8. Currently the principal’s certificate system and regulations were managed by the Ministry of Education, and were executing by the National Academy for Educational Research. At the long run ,it is recommended to have a clear cut between the Ministry of Education and local government for the authorities, the training and certifying of the principal to be done by a specific authority.
9. In order to implement 「The Certificate for principals of elementary and junior high school」, there are 4 supporting areas--regulations, system, supporting, and publicizing must be done, such as a fair system of examination, principal’s performance review, set up an institution to perform the review, set up the standards for The system of Certificate for the principals, enhance the publicizing of The system of Certificate for the principals, to provide principals with sufficient and suitable training on job programs, set up the system for the principal to come back as a teacher or transfer to another position, a clear flow chart for certificate apply and issue process ..etc, in total, 18 items are included.