To date, relatively fewer studies have focused on textbooks editing in Taiwan, especially for the dynamics behind the policy-making and implementations of textbooks. It remains largely unknown the textbook-editing processes that seems inextricably interwoven with social context, ideology, and interpersonal activities. In this sense, this article adopted oral history and document-analysis to explore the dynamics of the editing-process of primary and secondary school textbooks in Taiwan:from the governmental publisher (i.e., National Institute for Compilation and Translation, the NICT publisher) to the private-sector. The study interviewed 9 key persons who participated in editing textbooks. With the results of interviews and document-analysis on relevant documents and literature, this study is expected to be able to build historical materials for development of the primary and secondary school textbooks in Taiwan. Simultaneously, the study will advance the field’s understanding on the similarity and difference between the NICT textbook-editing to the private-sector editing.