National Academy for Educational Research

　　行政院國家資通訊通信發展推動小組暨經濟部標準檢驗局為促進國內科技及產業發展，推動海峽兩岸資通訊共通標準的建立。本計畫配合經濟部標準檢驗局「推動兩岸資通訊共通標準」計畫及中華文化總會（原國家文化總會）中華語文工具書編纂計畫的名詞術語部分。眾所周知，名詞術語為一切標準的核心，雙方對名詞術語譯名必須有共同的理解，共通標準才能順利的建立。臺灣及中國大陸雖都使用華文，惟一些譯自英文名詞的學術名詞（或稱術語）卻常見不同的翻譯，影響雙方在教育、學術、文化、經貿及產業的交流，因此，亟需進行探討及對照的工作。本計畫所用的方法是文獻探討及焦點團體（學者專家）會議討論方法。本計畫主要成果包括：（1）完成兩岸學術名詞譯名的對照範圍、格式及作法。（2）完成臺灣常用學術名詞的蒐集。（3）完成24,841則兩岸學術名詞對照。其中兩岸翻譯不同的名詞有9,834則。（4）完成8,212則兩岸中小學教科書名詞對照。其中兩岸翻譯不同的名詞有2,199則。（5）完成12,033則兩岸學術名詞及中小學教科書名詞翻譯不同的分析。翻譯不一致類型包括：兩岸中文譯名差異僅在於有無加「式」、「性」、「型」等字；兩岸中文譯名差異在於兩岸使用不同的同義詞；科學家人名翻譯不同；兩岸分別使用義譯或使用發明者姓名或產地名稱之音譯；不同涵義的英文名詞兩岸卻使用相同的中文譯名；同一英文名?，臺灣依翻譯原則翻譯，大陸沿用中國原使用之名詞及其他類型等7種類型。根據對照結果，兩岸名詞翻譯不一致高達30％以上，顯示本計畫的重要性。最後，建議兩岸持續進行對照工作，以促進兩岸教育、學術、文化及產業的交流，並提升臺灣知識力。

　　This project aims to help BSMI(the Bureau of Standards, Metrology and Inspection, MOEA) and the General Association of Chinese Culture (formerly known as the National Cultural Association, NCA) to carry out the project of the ” Cross-strait Information and Communication on Common Standard” and to facilitate the compilation of ”the Cross-strait Chinese Dictionary.” It is generally known that there is no knowledge without terminology. Terminologies have been widely considered the core of industrial standards. In Taiwan Taiwan, most of the Chinese academic terms are translated from English. Take National Academy for Educational Research (NAER) for example. It has translated more than 1,260,000 academic terms over the years. Although Chinese is commonly used in both Taiwan and mainland China, many translations of technical and academic terms diverge. For a better cross-strait academic and industrial communication, it is urgent to examine the differences between the translations of these terms used in thecross-straits. The research methods employed in the present study were text analysis and focus group discussion. The major findings are as follows: First, the time, categories, formats, and procedures for the comparison of cross-strait academic terms were discussed and agreed by both sides. Second, the commonly used academic terms in Taiwan were collected. Third, 24,841 cross-strait academic terms were compared, of which 9,834 terms had different translations in mainland China and Taiwan. Fourth, 8,212 terms in the primary and secondary school textbooks in both Taiwan and mainland China were compared, of which 2,199 terms had different Chinese translations. Fifth, a total 12,033 terms with different translations in mainland China and Taiwan were analyzed. There were seven types of inconsistent translations. According to the present study, the inconsistent translations of cross-strait academic terms are up to 30%, indicating the importance of this project. Finally, to promote exchanges in cross-strait educational, academic, cultural and industrial setting, and to enhance the knowledge power of Taiwan, it is recommended that the present research be continued.