National Academy for Educational Research

　　本研究旨在探討國內家庭型態變遷對幼兒園經營之影響，本研究方法為訪談法及問卷調查法。訪談對象包括35位私立幼兒園園長及負責人，6位公立校長及專設園長，7位私立幼兒園教師，及7位公立幼兒園教師。本研究從幼兒園回收的問卷有510份，有效問卷483份，回收可用率為80.5%.；回收家長的問卷852份，有效問卷747份，回收可用率為62.25%。

　　本研究結果如下：公立幼兒園之幼兒主要照顧者對幼兒園之整體需求層面高於私立幼兒園，尤其在強化生活教育、完善環境設備及重視家校關係等三層面需求皆高於私立幼兒園。男性主要照顧者對幼兒園應提供彈性服務之需求高於女性主要照顧者。在大學以上教育程度之主要照顧者對於強化生活教育、完善環境設備、重視家校關係之需求皆高於為國中小教育程度者；單親家庭之主要照顧者對提供彈性服務之需求高於雙薪及隔代教養家庭；在培養特殊才能需求上則是新住民家庭之需求高於雙薪家庭；私立幼兒園幼兒之主要照顧者對於幼兒園提供彈性服務及培養特殊才能之滿意度皆高於公立幼兒園；而私立幼兒園之教保服務人員對雙薪、單親、隔代教養及新住民家庭需求之知覺高於公立幼兒園。另外，幼兒園實施之六種因應策略中以提升師資品質之策略最符合四種類型家庭之需求。

　　本研究建議有九項供參考。

　　The purpose of this study was to investigate impact of the preschool operation based on the changes of domestic family patterns. The methods of this study were interviews and surveys. The interviewees included 35 private preschool directors and persons in charge, six public elementary and preschool principals, seven private preschool teachers, and seven public preschool teachers. The number of returned surveys from preschools was five hundred and ten. The number of valid surveys was 483,and the rate of valid returns was 80.5%. The number of returned surveys from parents was 852. The number of valid surveys was 747,and the rate of valid returns was 62.25%.

　　The results of this study were as follows:
　　The level of needs of public preschools' primary caregivers was higher than the private preschools. Especially, in the strengthening life education, improving the environments, and valuing the importance of home-school relationship.
The demand of flexible services from male primary caregivers of preschools was higher than female primary caregivers. The need of primary caregivers with at least bachelor's degree was higher than the primary caregivers with below high school degree in strengthening life education, improving the environments, and valuing the importance of home-school relationship. The demand of flexible services from primary caregivers of single parent families was higher than primary caregivers of double-income families and grandparent families. The need of cultivating for special talents of the new immigrant families was higher than double-income families. The satisfaction of flexible services and cultivating for special talents of private preschools was higher public preschools. The perception of needs for double-income families, single families, grandparent families, and the new immigrant families. Besides, improving quality of teachers met the need of the four family patterns among the six tactics. This study proposed nine suggestions.