國家教育研究院

　　我國於1999年制定公布《教育基本法》，其中規定「國民基本教育應視社會發展需要延長其年限」；在此之前，憲法除已有國民一律受六年「基本教育」的基本國策，另將接受「國民教育」明定為人民之權利與義務。乍觀之下，「國民基本教育」與基本教育、國民教育三者，似為並列且各具意涵的法律用語；惟本文透過法制體系觀察與文義分析，認為除「國民教育」即「基本教育」的延長外，首見於《教育基本法》的「國民基本教育」一詞，亦非具有獨立法律意涵的新詞。故在我國整體法制體系脈絡下，十二年國教政策所依據的法制內涵，除須妥適承接憲法及《教育基本法》之意旨，對於已然國內法化且具基準法地位的《經濟、社會及文化權利國際公約》中之教育條款，亦為必須一併恪遵的基本規範。

　　In 1999, Educational Fundamental Act was enacted and promulgated. It stipulates that “Basic national education shall be extended as needed in line with the developmental needs of society.” Prior to that, the constitution specifies that all citizens are required to receive 6-year “basic education.” Additionally, it stipulates that citizens have rights and obligations to receive “national education.” “Basic national education,” basic education, and national education seem to have their own legal connotations respectively. Yet, through observations of legal systems and literary analyses, this paper takes the stance that although national education is the extension of basic education, the term “basic national education,” which first appears in Educational Fundamental Act, is not a new independent term in the law. Besides, according to our current legal system, the planning and implementation of the 12-year basic national education should be consistent with the intention of the constitution and Educational Fundamental Act. It should also follow the article of education in International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.