國家教育研究院

　　義務教育的落實首重於教職員能力的充分發揮，因應每一位孩子的個性發展，藉由充滿創意的教育活動來啟發其能力，並尋求能延伸到最大的極限。而同時在教育行政適切的支援下，為充分反映家長及國民的信賴，義務教育有必要因應時代潮流、社會需求及環境變遷適時進行檢討。

　　本研究以近年來日本文部科學省公告之義務教育相關諸項教育改革資料進行探討，在了解日本義務教育近況之同時，也期待藉由其公告內容理解當今日本義務教育的意義、目的及學校所應承擔的教育使命。尤其於日本，義務教育是國家與地方自治體共同承擔的責任，架構也與我國相類似，其中應有值得借鏡之處。

　　本文是以日本學生因應學習狀況之需要，尋求彈性化教學的觀點，對就學機會及就學時期等義務教育制度及日本各級學校間的合作關係進行探討。同時在義務教育議題推動的背景下，探討日本義務教育政策對教育品質之影響，並形成主要教育焦點。此外也將日本義務教育向下延伸的幼兒教育一併納入探討的範圍。

　　The appropriate implementation of compulsory education far exceeds the importance of an educator’s capabilities. ?This is due to the influence that educational activities have on the full development of a child’s individuality and creativity. ?While compulsory education administration requires parental and national support, it is essential that it meets the current societal trends, demands, and environmental changes.?

　　This study will analyze the educational reform recently announced by the Japanese Ministry of Education in understanding its compulsory education mission and goals. ?Compulsory education is a shared responsibility between the state and the local governments in Japan. ?

　　This report will focus on the Japanese students’ response to the changing learning environment. ?The report will examine the quality of education through the review of the existing compulsory education issues, available educational opportunities, and its duration.?