國家教育研究院

　　本文的目的在於探究中小學校園組織生態的轉變情形，並分析中小學校園環境變化衍生的問題。經由初步的文獻探討可以了解過去教育改革下的中小學校園組織生態確實產生了很大的影響或衝擊，例如權力結構的改變、校長權責的轉變、教師會及家長會的成立及參與校務等。整體說來，依據相關文獻、焦點座談及研究結果，本文提出以下結論與建議：一、重新檢視並修訂教育相關法規的適宜性；二、釐清教師的權利義務及角色，以減少教師與行政間的衝突；三、中小學行政工作專任化；四、明確訂定中小學校長的權責；五、賦予校長有教學領導權；六、引發中小學教師的正向力量；七、學校組織生態變革的「最大公約數」是學生學習。

　　The purpose of this study was to review and examine the problems about educational reform and school change in primary schools and in high schools in the past. The study employed literature review and focus group discussion to collect data. The results of this study were as follows:1.Review the educational act. 2.Examine the role and duty of school teachers. 3.Increase the quantity of school administrators. 4.Examine the power and duty of school principal. 5.Increase the principal’s power about instructional leadership. 6.Increase the positive power of teachers. 7.Focus the attention on student learning. According to the results of this study, the research tried to make some suggestions and strategies for educational authorities to improve educational policy and school education.