國家教育研究院

　　教科書經過嚴謹的編輯與審查程序，符合課程綱要與教學時數安排，為老師節省備課的時間，是相當重要的教學材料，然而，目前教科書無法依照學生程度適性或彈性組合內容，相對也限制了教師的教學專業自主。近年來，數位科技帶動開放教育資源的概念，在技術層面，「開放教科書（open textbooks）」提供教材編選的另一種選擇，但就目前教科書市場運作機制下，以及現場教師的教學與教材使用習慣，是否有推動開放教科書的必要？以及其可行的規範與需求？是值得探討的課題。本研究擬以高級中學地球科學教科書為範圍，探討地球科學教學使用教科書的現況，以及對開放教科書的需求。藉由文件分析、問卷調查及深度訪談，了解開放教科書的格式發展、可行的技術規範，以及教學現場的使用需求，依據研究發現提出我國發展開放教科書相關建議。

　　Through strict editing-review processes, a textbook is an important teaching material which is designed to conform to a certain course schedule and arrangement of teaching hours in order to reduce teachers’ time devoted to preparing lessons. However, the flexibility of teachers to adjust the teaching content according to students’ academic performances has also been limited. The autonomy of teaching specialty has further been restricted. Developments of open educational resources with the help of digital technology in recent years have provided an alternative choice for teachers. Considered　the marketization of textbooks and teachers’ established habits of teaching with textbooks, whether it is necessary to promote open textbooks and what are some of the possible regulations and demands are issues that require further investigation. This study investigates high school textbooks of Earth Science to understand the current condition of textbooks and the needs for open textbooks. Through document analysis,
questionnaire survey, and interview, this study delineates the developments of open textbooks’ formats, possible regulations, and pedagogical demands, and further gives relevant suggestions regarding open textbooks in Taiwan based on the research results.