國家教育研究院

　　學校行政過程常充滿主觀價值判斷及依直覺行事，因此若能與實證研究資料相互印證，則更能有效提升校務決策品質，故校務研究可說是中小學學校治理的新利器。校務研究就是對校務相關問題所進行的研究，並具有有應用性、個殊性、嚴謹性、主動性、實徵性與敏感性等幾項特徵。因為校務研究可以提供豐富的實徵研究或數據，故可幫助學校校長或各級主管做適當的決定或決策。

　　質言之，中小學學校問題俯拾皆是，舉凡學生問題、弱勢學生輔導、行銷招生、教師教學、少子女化、資源運用整合及學校特色發展等均可透過校務研究加以改善或精進，是故校務研究的內涵及精神不僅適合高等教育，也可轉化於中小學之自我研究與探索，惟仍面臨中小學教育人員對校務研究的認知、研究人力、研究能力、研究意願等相關問題，有必要進一步探析。具體而言，本研究的目的臚列如下：1.探究校務研究應用於中小學學校革新之功能。2.探究校務研究應用於中小學學校革新之相關問題。3.探究校務研究應用於中小學學校革新之應用策略。依據本研究之文獻探究及焦點團體座談，本研究匯聚歸納出以下結論： 1.中小學校務研究可提升決策品質及具有說服力，並可解決校務問題；2.中小學校務研究面臨人力、經費及政策支持等問題；3.教育資料庫是中小學校務研究的重要工具；4.藉由培訓以提升中小學教育人員對校務研究的知能；5.中小學校務研究可融入校務評鑑及學校自我評鑑之機制。最後依據研究結論，提出中小學學校革新及中小學教育政策研擬之相關建議。

　　The school administrative process was usually carried out with subjective judgment and instinct. If it can be confirmed by empirical studies, it may effectively increase the decision-making quality of school affairs, which will be a new weapon for the governance of elementary schools and high schools. Institutional research referred to the research based on school affair issues; its features are applicability, particularity, rigorosity, initiativity, symbolism and sensitivity. Institutional research can provide rich empirical researches and data which help the school principals or the authorities at different level to make the appropriate decision.
　　In fact, schools issues at primary and secondary schools were found everywhere, such as student problems, assistance for disadvantaged students, marketing and recruitment, teachers’ teachings, the tendency of fewer children, integration and operation of resources as well as school feature development; all these can be studies and enhanced by school affairs study. The content and spirit of institutional research was not only suitable for higher education, but can also be transferred to the self-study and exploration of elementary schools and high schools. The only problems faced by the elementary and high school staff were their cognition of institutional resaerch, research manpower, research capability, and research willingness, so it was necessary to take a further exploration. Specifically, the purposes of this study were listed as below:1.To explore institutional research applied on school reform in elementary schools and high schools. 2.To explore the relevant problems of the application of institutional research applied on elementary schools and high schools. 3.To explore the application strategies of institutional research on elementary schools and high schools.
　　The followings were the conclusions based on the literature review and focus group interview: 1.Institutional research of elementary and high schools can enhance decision-making quality, be more convincing, and solve school affair issues. 2.Institutional research of elementary and high schools faces issues, such as HR,budget, and policy supports. 3. Educational database was an important tool for institutional research of elementary and high schools. 4.Training can enhance the competency of institutional research of educational staff in elementary and high schools. 5.Institutional research of elementary and high schools can be integrated into school affair evaluation and school self-evaluation systems. Based on the results and analysis, suggestions were proposed for the school reform as well as the education policies for elementary schools and high schools.