國家教育研究院

　　本子計畫的重點在探討先進國家，近幾年來技職教育與訓練關注職場核心能力（core compeencies、competency）之情形，做為下一波高職學校課程修訂之參考。本研究採文獻分析法探討美國、英國、德國、日本和澳洲等國家對職場能力之論述與發展。基此，本研究以高職學校學生繼續進修及立即就業之能力為基礎，發展具銜接與轉銜的職場核心能力為目標，重點聚焦於雇主期望新進員工（畢業生），準備進入職場工作所應具備的能力，並將職場核心能力定義為進入某特定產業從事專業工作之基礎。職場能力、職業能力簡稱職能是勞工成功扮演稱職的工作者所應具備的能力（competences）。

　　研究發現先進國家自1990年代以來為因應產業科技化和知識經濟國際化之衝擊，探討職場核心能力成為產業人力培育之熱門課題，將厚植職場能力視為提升國際經濟競爭實力之重要施政。對職場核心（基礎）能力之論述，雖然項目名稱不儘一致，然而其內容相差有限。其次，能力發展機制應用之職能分析方法，因產業變動導致結構的質變，已非往昔之本質，是否依然符合緣用，頗值得商榷。基於，高職學校各群科之特質殊異，職能分析方法之應用成為重要課題。因此，適確的掌握職能分析分法做適當的調變，成為後續研究的方向。

　　The project aimed to probe into the core competencies needed by employers and discussed by technical and vocational education and training （VET） in advanced countries in the world. The results will be as a reference for the revision of the vocational school curriculum in Taiwan. Literature review was applied to explore the development of vocational competencies in United States, Britain, Germany, Japan and Australia. Based on this, this study was to collect the core competencies required by employers and to help support the aim of vocational school graduates who want to continue their studies or transit from school to work smoothly. Consequently, the study focused on the core competences needed by the job market to explore the employer’s expectations of new employees （graduates）. Workplace capabilities and professional competencies are referred to as the key competencies for laborers to successfully play the role of competent workers.

　　The findings of this project were that the core competencies were discussed in response to the impact of the internationalization of technology and of the knowledge-based economy. It became a hot issue to deeply implant the core competencies to enhance the international competitiveness and has been an important economic policy in advanced countries since the 1990s. There were various discussions of the core competencies, but the contents were exactly the same. Finally, the methodology of competence development mechanism needs to match the changes of industry structure and its nature. It was debatable whether the former methodology could still be applied. Because each group of subjects in the vocational schools has its different characteristics, the methodology of function analysis should be duly adjusted if necessary, which can be the direction for further research.